It is a form of allergic reaction of the vessels to various stimuli, which manifests itself on the skin and the mucous membranes in the form of temporary or chronic redness or whitish papules which we call hives. The hive is formed by serum and protein oozing within the chorion after certain substances have reacted on the walls of the capillaries and minor vessels of the skin with the result of the increase of the permeability of the vessel endothelium.
Hives have various sizes, their shapes are round, oval or linear. Sometimes they compile and give the impression of a geography map. They won’t last for more than 12 to 24 hours. In the initial phase of their formation, itching and burning sensation accompany. Hives may be located on a small part of the body but it may also cover the whole area. More than often, mucous membranes are also infected resulting in hoarsening of the voice, respiratory impediment, abdominal pain etc. Swelling appears on the mucous membranes, more often on the lips, eyelids, genitals and it can become dangerous if it is located on the upper part pf the respiratory system, such as the tongue, epiglottis and the larynx.
Causes of hives in short are:
– Food and drinks
– Chemical substances (medicines, pigments, preservatives etc.)
– Natural factors (low or high temperature, pressure, friction, radiation)
– Infections
– Insect and parasite bites
– Systemic illnesses
– Psychogenic factors
– Hereditary abnormalities
– Unknown causes
Treatment is based on antihistamines and anticholinergic medicines.
